
- *Inherited Genetic Mutations*
- *BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes*: mutations increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancer
- *Sickle cell disease*: a condition caused by a mutation in the HBB gene, affecting hemoglobin production
- *Genetic Variations*
- *TCF7L2 gene*: variants increase the risk of type 2 diabetes by affecting blood sugar regulation
- *PPARG gene*: variants influence insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism
- *Mitochondrial Genetic Mutations*
- Mitochondrial diseases: caused by mutations in mitochondrial genes, affecting energy production in cells
- *Polygenic Diseases*
- *Heart disease*: influenced by multiple genetic variants affecting blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and other factors
- *Diabetes*: multiple genetic variants contribute to disease susceptibility
- *Other Genetic Factors*
- *Age and sex*: genetic factors can influence disease susceptibility and manifestation
- *Gene-environment interactions*: genetic variants can interact with environmental factors, such as diet and lifestyle, to influence disease risk ¹
Understanding genetic factors is crucial for developing personalized treatment plans, preventive strategies, and targeted therapies. Genetic testing and counseling can help individuals determine their risk for certain diseases and make informed decisions about their health ¹ ².