
symbol: mol is the unit of measurement for amount of substance in the
International System of Units (SI). A mole of a substance[1] or a mole of particles[2] is defined as exactly 6.022 140 76 × 1023 particles, which may be
atoms , molecules , ions, or electrons . In short, for particles 1 mol =
6.022 140 76 × 1023 . [3][2]
The definition was adopted in November 2018 as one of the seven SI base units , [1] revising the previous definition that specified it as the number of atoms in 12
grams of carbon-12 ( 12C), an isotope of carbon .
The number 6.022 140 76 × 1023 (the Avogadro number ) was chosen so that the mass of one mole of a chemical compound, in grams , is numerically equal (for all practical purposes) to the average mass of one molecule of the compound, in
daltons . Thus, for example, one mole of water contains 6.022 140 76 × 1023 molecules, whose total mass is about 18.015 grams – and the mean mass of one molecule of water is about 18.015 daltons.
The mole is widely used in chemistry as a convenient way to express amounts of reactants and products of chemical reactions. For example, the chemical equation